每個公司情況都各不相同，股權結構也就千差萬別，有多少家公司就會有多少個可能不同的股權結構，但是都逃不開2/3、1/2、1/3三個比例。這三個比例由此被稱為生死線。接下來就以有限責任公司為例來把這三條線說透，你就會理解為什么它能決定生或死了。

The situation of each company is different, and the ownership structure is also very different. As many companies as there are, there will be as many different ownership structures as possible, but they can't escape the proportion of 2 / 3, 1 / 2 and 1 / 3. These three ratios are thus called the life and death line. Next, take the limited liability company as an example to explain these three lines, and you will understand why it can decide whether to live or die.

01、生命線：絕 對控制線（股權>=2/3）

01. Lifeline: absolute control line (equity > = 2 / 3)

在公司初創時期，創始人應強化對于公司的掌控。創始人對公司進行控制是有很多路徑的，其中核心的一條是通過控股實現對公司的控制。在絕 對控股的情況下，創始人可以完全把控股東會，進而主宰股東會通過任何想通過的決議

We should strengthen the control of the company's founders in the start-up period. There are many ways for founders to control the company, the core of which is to control the company through holding shares. In the case of absolute control, the founder can completely control the Donghui, and then dominate the shareholders' meeting to pass any resolution they want

02、生命線：管理控制線（股權>1/2）

02. Lifeline: management control line (equity > 1 / 2)

企業發展到發展期的時候，隨著外來投資者的進入，或者內部股權激勵，創始人所持有的股權就越來越少，但創始人關心想要的也還是要控股，在控股的情況下，創始人雖然不能操控股東會通過重大事項的決議，但是可以對重大事項以外的其他事項，仍如探囊取物，由此實現對公司的管理掌控。

When the enterprise develops to the development stage, with the entry of foreign investors or internal equity incentive, the equity held by the founder is less and less, but what the founder cares about and wants is still to control. In the case of control, although the founder can't control the shareholders' meeting to pass resolutions on major matters, he can still search for other matters besides major matters So as to realize the management control of the company.

03 生命線：防守控制線（股權>1/3）

03 lifeline: defensive control line (equity > 1 / 3)

在公司快速擴張時期，創始人持有的股權1/3以上。顯而易見，1/3是相對于絕 對控制線2/3而言的。2/3以上表決權能夠通過關于公司生死存亡的事宜，因此如果一個股東持有1/3的股權，其他任何一個股東都無法單獨達到2/3以上的表決權，關系到公司生死存亡的重大事項的決議得不到單一持股1/3以上的股東支持時，自然就無法通過。如此之下，持有股權大于1/3的股東，就在股東會中對重大事項的表決具有 “一票否決權”的作用。

In the period of rapid expansion of the company, the founder holds more than 1 / 3 of the equity. Obviously, 1 / 3 is relative to 2 / 3 of absolute control line. More than 2 / 3 of the voting rights can be passed on matters concerning the survival of the company. Therefore, if a shareholder holds 1 / 3 of the shares, no other shareholder can achieve more than 2 / 3 of the voting rights alone, and the resolutions on major matters related to the survival of the company cannot be passed without the support of shareholders holding more than 1 / 3 of the shares. In this way, shareholders holding more than 1 / 3 of the shares have the function of "one vote veto" in voting on major issues in the shareholders' meeting.