如何避免激勵力度失靈，一般建議為事前測算（按照近三年數據精準測算，給到激勵對象的年化收益在原總收入的50%左右是比較理想值），事中糾偏（按照實際發生數據跟預期做對比分析）和事后改正（本著多“不退”少“補充”的原則，正確選擇是“補充型激勵”還是“替代型激勵”）。

In order to avoid the failure of incentive strength, the general suggestions are as follows: pre calculation (according to the accurate calculation of the data in recent three years, the annual income given to the incentive object is a relatively ideal value of about 50% of the original total income), correction in the event (comparative analysis based on the actual data with the expectation) and correction after the event (based on the principle of more "no return" and less "supplement", the correct choice is "supplementary incentive" ”Or "alternative incentive").

總而言之，股權激勵失靈了不要恐慌，同時，要有思想準備。解鈴還須系鈴人，失靈了就要溯本追源，看清是股權激勵的那種形式，不同形式失靈的方式可能不一樣，解決的策略也會不一樣。

In a word, if the equity incentive fails, don't panic. At the same time, you should be prepared mentally. To solve the problem, we should go back to the source if it fails. We should see clearly that it is the form of equity incentive. Different forms of failure may have different ways, and the solutions will be different.

股權激勵在教科書上的定義是公司用股權的形式激勵員工。筆者基于十余年的股權實操經驗來看，股權激勵也許可以理解為股權加激勵，股權是長期的穩定，穩定壓倒一切，激勵則是基于未來，過去的更多的是獎勵，現在的更多的勉勵，而未來的才能更好的激勵。激勵是一種帶有靶向的方式。激勵的方式有很多種，但歸根揭底無非就是短中長三種大類。

The definition of equity incentive in textbooks is that companies use equity to motivate employees. Based on more than ten years of practical experience, equity incentive may be understood as equity plus incentive. Equity is long-term stability, and stability is paramount. Incentive is based on the future. The past is more reward, the present is more encouragement, and the future can be better incentive. Stimulation is a targeted way. There are many ways to motivate, but in the final analysis, there are only three categories of short, medium and long.

短期激勵有獎金、工資、提成基本上是以日、月為單位，中期激勵有分紅、增值按1年（12個月）到3年（36個月）的時間軸；長期激勵就是合伙人、實股，退出時間不確定。激勵還可以按另外一個維度來分類，開放式、半開放式，封閉式。越封閉相對來講要長遠而且收益更為可觀。舉個不大恰當但很形象的例子，男女之間的關系，開放的形式是戀愛關系，誰不用向誰負責但雙方粘性也是低的；其次是私定終身，雖然不是夫妻，但雙方都是奔著長期去的否則跟戀愛關系沒有什么區別，雙方也需要尊重感情，但分手沒有太多的約束力；婚姻關系就是封閉的也是約束力多，甚至有人把這稱為“墳墓”，墳墓大的特點不就是封閉嗎，墳墓打開了不是遷墳就是盜墓。

The short-term incentive includes bonus, salary and commission, which is basically based on days and months, while the medium-term incentive has dividend and value-added, which is based on the time axis of one year (12 months) to three years (36 months); the long-term incentive is the partner and real shares, and the withdrawal time is uncertain. Incentives can also be classified according to another dimension: open, semi open and closed. The more closed, it will be relatively long-term, and the benefits will be more considerable. To give an inappropriate but vivid example, the open form of the relationship between men and women is love relationship, who does not have to be responsible to whom, but the stickiness of both sides is also low; the second is private life, although not husband and wife, both sides are running for a long time, otherwise there is no difference with love relationship, both sides also need to respect feelings, but there is not too much binding force to break up; marriage relationship Even if the tomb is closed, it has more binding force. Some people even call it "grave". The big feature of the tomb is not that it is closed. If the tomb is opened, it is either to move the tomb or to steal it.

曾經有人開玩笑說現在離婚率這么高不如改革婚姻法，按照駕駛證的方式來搞，結婚的首期合法時間為5年，雙方5年沒有離婚就可以續簽10年期的，10年期滿還愿意在一起的就可以扯證長期的。但是可行性還是很低的，因為婚姻不僅僅是兩個人的事情還涉及到社會的方方面面。股權也是一樣的，虛擬股階段不會有太多問題，更多的是內部的模擬操作行為，而一旦成為實股，尤其是自然人直接持股，那就是長期的，不出意外甚至可以終生的。

Some people once joked that the divorce rate is so high that it is better to reform the marriage law and do it according to the way of driving license. The first legal time of marriage is five years. If the two parties have no divorce for five years, they can renew their contracts for 10 years. If they are willing to stay together after 10 years, they can get a long-term license. But the feasibility is still very low, because marriage is not only a matter of two people, but also involves all aspects of society. The same is true for equity. There will not be too many problems in the virtual stock stage. It is more internal simulation operation. Once it becomes a real stock, especially a natural person directly holding shares, it will be long-term, no accident or even life-long.

虛擬股階段，失靈往往是可以通過調整方案來解決，但是，到了實股階段的時候，一旦失靈就需要狠下功夫了，總結成四個字就是“多、快、好、省”——“多”就是適當讓利，“快”就是盡早處理，“好”就是友好解決，“省”就是選擇“帕累托優”方案。

In the stage of virtual stock, failure can often be solved by adjusting the scheme. However, when it comes to the real stock stage, once it fails, it needs to work hard. It can be summarized into four words: "more, faster, better, and less" -- "more" means appropriate profit sharing, "fast" means dealing with it as soon as possible, "good" is friendly solution, and "province" is choosing "Pareto optimal" scheme.